Numerical approach to analyze fluid flow in a type C tank for liquefied hydrogen carrier (part 1: Sloshing flow)

The demand for clean energy use has been increasing worldwide, and hydrogen has attracted attention as an alternative energy source. The efficient transport of hydrogen must be established such that hydrogen may be used as an energy source. In this study, we considered the influences of various parameters in the transportation of liquefied hydrogen using type C tanks in shipping vessels. The sloshing and thermal flows were considered in the transportation of liquefied hydrogen, which exists as a cryogenic liquid at ?253 °C. In this study, the sloshing flow was analyzed using a numerical approach. A multiphase sloshing simulation was performed using the volume of fluid method for the observation and analysis of the internal flow. First, a sloshing experiment according to the gas-liquid density ratio performed by other researchers was utilized to verify the simulation technique and investigate the characteristics of liquefied hydrogen. Based on the results of this experiment, a sloshing simulation was then performed for a type C cargo tank for liquefied hydrogen carriers under three different filling level conditions. The sloshing impact pressure inside of the tank was measured via simulation and subjected to statistical analysis. In addition, the influence of sloshing flow on the appendages installed inside of the type C tank (stiffened ring and swash bulkhead) was quantitatively evaluated. In particular, the influence of the sloshing flow inside of the type C tank on the appendages can be utilized as an important indicator at the design stage. Furthermore, if such sloshing impact forces are repeatedly experienced over an extended period of time under cryogenic conditions, the behavior of the tank and appendages must be analyzed in terms of fatigue and brittle failure to ensure the safety of the transportation operation.     

Low-cost and two-cycle hardware structures of PRINCE lightweight block cipher

In this paper, low-cost and two-cycle hardware structures of the PRINCE lightweight block cipher are presented. In the first structure, we proposed an area-constrained structure, and in the second structure, a high-speed implementation of the PRINCE cipher is presented. The substitution box (S-box) and the inverse of S-box (S-box⁻¹) blocks are the most complex blocks in the PRINCE cipher. These blocks are designed by an efficient structure with low critical path delay. In the low-cost structure, the S-boxes and S-boxes⁻¹ are shared between the round computations and the intermediate step of PRINCE cipher. Therefore, the proposed architecture is implemented based on the lowest number of computation resources. The two-cycle implementation of PRINCE cipher is designed by a processing element (PE), which is a general and reconfigurable element. This structure has a regular form with the minimum number of the control signal. Implementation results of the proposed structures in 180-nm CMOS technology and Virtex-4 and Virtex-6 FPGA families are achieved. The proposed structures, based on the results, have better critical path delay and throughput compared with other's related works.     

控制反转技术分析

轻量级容器的解耦模式被称为“控制反转”或者“依赖注入”,组件之间的依赖关系由容器(运行环境)在运行期决定,从而在相当程度上降低了组件之间的耦合。该文详细论述了这种解耦模式的原理,以及依赖注入的3种主要形式,并且对几种形式进行了对比总结。     

光纤光栅感温火灾探测报警系统在原油罐区的应用

通过对现有罐区火灾自动报警技术的认真考察、对比,在石西集中处理站原油罐区安装了光纤光栅感温火灾探测报警系统.该报警系统的传感信号是光的波长变化,传感器及其探测系统是靠光缆连接而进入被测现场,它具有高安全性、高可靠性、高绝缘性、高抗电磁干扰性、防潮耐蚀、寿命长等其他传统火灾探测报警系统无法比拟的优越性能.阐述了其系统构成和运行效果.该系统在石西集中处理站运用效果良好.     

粉煤灰超细玻珠复配轻集料在固井低密度水泥浆中的作用

阐述了粉煤灰超细玻珠复配轻集料在固井低密度水泥浆中对其流变性能、强度、质量均匀性以及密度的影响和作用机理。表明该复配轻集料可以明显改善水泥浆的流动性、保水性以及水泥与高效外加剂的相容性,水泥石抗压和抗折强度有显著改善,水泥浆具有良好的质量均匀性,用该集料配制的超低密度水泥浆能满足固井要求,并由此提高固井的经济性。     

炼油厂成品油罐区调度优化问题研究

研究了以集合论为基础的调度优化模型。给出了该离散型优化问题的求解算法。根据优化结果，在G2实时智能平台上开发了包含监视子系统和调度子系统的调度支持系统。在中国石化股份有限公司长岭分公司的试用结果表明，该调度系统可以提高炼油厂的生产效率，从而提高炼油厂的经济效益。     

板式塔中无伸缩型受液槽的改进

对板式塔中的受液槽进行了改进，将无伸缩型改性伸缩型，避免了漏液，提高了常压塔的分离效果。     

湿硫化氢环境下的球罐腐蚀状况分析

在湿硫化氢环境下 ,尤其储存介质中的硫化氢含量超标时 ,很容易对储存容器壳体 (含焊缝和母材 )造成硫化氢应力腐蚀或氢鼓包。作者较仔细分析了 1 0 0 0m3 丙烯球罐产生硫化氢应力腐蚀开裂和40 0m3 LPG球罐产生氢鼓包的原因。提出了此类设备在设计选材、设备制造、施工安装和使用维护等环节应注意的问题。     

D36580/97t锥顶储罐罐顶桁架的整体吊装和旋转就位

本文针对大型储罐罐顶整体桁架结构尺寸大、质量大、易变形的特点,详细介绍了一种切实可行的整体吊装及旋转就位方法。从选定吊装方案入手,阐叙了实现本方法的思路和技术细节,提出了实施过程中的注意事项。实践证明,该方法能保证安装质量,安全、可靠、可行。